ACC 349FINAL EXAM



ACC 349FINAL EXAM

1) What is the best way to handle manufacturing overhead costs in order to get the most timely job cost information?

A.   The company should add actual manufacturing overhead costs to jobs as soon as the overhead costs are incurred.
B.   The company should determine an allocation rate as soon as the actual costs are known, and then apply manufacturing overhead to jobs.
C.   The company should account for only the direct production costs.
D.   The company should apply overhead using an estimated rate throughout the year.


2) At the end of the year, manufacturing overhead has been overapplied. What occurred to create this situation?

A.   The company incurred more manufacturing overhead costs than the manufacturing overhead assigned to jobs.
B.   The actual manufacturing overhead costs were less than the manufacturing overhead assigned to jobs.
C.   The company incurred more total job costs than the amount budgeted for the job.
 D.   Estimated manufacturing overhead was less than actual manufacturing overhead costs.


3) Luca Company overapplied manufacturing overhead during 2006. Which one of the following is part of the year end entry to dispose of the overapplied amount assuming the amount is material?

 A.   A decrease to work in process inventory
 B.   A decrease to applied overhead
 C.   An increase to finished goods
 D.   An increase to cost of goods sold


4) Which of the following would be accounted for using a job order cost system?

 A.   The production of textbooks
 B.   The production of town homes
 C.   The pasteurization of milk
 D.   The production of cans of spinach


5) Which one of the following is NEVER part of recording the issuance of raw materials in a job order cost system?

 A.   Debit Manufacturing Overhead
 B.   Debit Finished Goods Inventory
 C.   Debit Work in Process Inventory
 D.   Credit Raw Materials Inventory


6) What is unique about the flow of costs in a job order cost system?

 A.   It involves accumulating material, labor, and manufacturing overhead costs as they are incurred in order to determine the job cost.
 B.   Each job is costed separately in a Work in Process subsidiary ledger.
 C.   Job costs cannot be measured until all overhead costs are determined.
 D.   There are no costs remaining in Work in Process at year end.


7) Which one of the following costs would be included in manufacturing overhead of a lawn mower manufacturer?

 A.   The cost of the fuel lines that run from the motor to the gas tank
 B.   The cost of the wheels
 C.   Depreciation on the testing equipment
 D.   The wages earned by motor assemblers


8) What broad functions do the management of an organization perform?

 A.   Planning, directing, and controlling
 B.   Directing, manufacturing, and controlling
 C.   Planning, directing, and selling
 D.   Planning, manufacturing, and controlling


9) Which of the following represents the correct order in which inventories are reported on a manufacturer’s balance sheet?

 A.   Work in process, finished goods raw materials
 B.   Raw materials, work in process, finished goods
 C.   Finished goods, work in process, raw materials
 D.   Work in process, raw materials, finished goods




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10) In traditional costing systems, overhead is generally applied based on

 A.   machine hours
 B.   direct labor
 C.   direct material dollars
 D.   units of production


11) An activity that has a direct cause-effect relationship with the resources consumed is a(n)

 A.   overhead rate
 B.   product activity
 C.   cost driver
 D.   cost pool


12) A well-designed activity-based costing system starts with

 A.   computing the activity-based overhead rate
 B.   analyzing the activities performed to manufacture a product
 C.   identifying the activity-cost pools
 D.   assigning manufacturing overhead costs for each activity cost pool to products


13) Which of the following factors would suggest a switch to activity-based costing?

 A.   Overhead costs constitute a significant portion of total costs.
 B.   Production managers use data provided by the existing system.
 C.   Product lines similar in volume and manufacturing complexity.
 D.   The manufacturing process has been stable.


14) All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT that

 A.   the objective of installing ABC in service firms is different than it is in a manufacturing firm
 B.   the general approach to identifying activities and activity cost pools is the same in a service company as in a manufacturing company
 C.   activity-based costing has been widely adopted in service industries
 D.   a larger proportion of overhead costs are company-wide costs in service industries


15) What sometimes makes implementation of activity-based costing difficult in service industries is

 A.   identifying activities, activity cost plus, and cost drivers
 B.   attempting to reduce or eliminate nonvalue-added activities
 C.   the labeling of activities as value-added
 D.   that a larger proportion of overhead costs are company-wide costs


16) One of Astro Company's activity cost pools is machine setups, with estimated overhead of $150,000. Astro produces sparklers (400 setups) and lighters (600 setups). How much of the machine setup cost pool should be assigned to sparklers?

 A.   $60,000
 B.   $90,000
 C.   $150,000
 D.   $75,000


17) Poodle Company manufactures two products, Mini A and Maxi B. Poodle's overhead costs consist of setting up machines, $800,000; machining, $1,800,000; and inspecting, $600,000. Information on the two products is:
Mini AMaxi B
Direct labor hours15,00025,000
Machine setups600400
Machine hours24,00026,000
Inspections800700


Overhead applied to Mini A using activity-based costing is

 A.   $1,536,000
 B.   $1,664,000
 C.   $1,920,000
 D.   $1,200,000


18) Poodle Company manufactures two products, Mini A and Maxi B. Poodle's overhead costs consist of setting up machines, $800,000; machining, $1,800,000; and inspecting, $600,000. Information on the two products is:
Mini AMaxi B
Direct labor hours15,00025,000
Machine setups600400
Machine hours24,00026,000
Inspections800700


Overhead applied to Maxi B using activity-based costing is

 A.   $1,536,000
 B.   $1,664,000
 C.   $2,000,000
 D.   $1,280,000




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19) Seran Company has contacted Truckel Inc. with an offer to sell it 5,000 of the wickets for $18 each. If Truckel makes the wickets, variable costs are $11 per unit. Fixed costs are $12 per unit; however, $5 per unit is avoidable. Should Truckel make or buy the wickets?

 A.   Buy; savings = $10,000
 B.   Make; savings = $20,000
 C.   Make; savings = $10,000
 D.   Buy; savings = $25,000


20) Rosen, Inc. has 10,000 obsolete calculators, which are carried in inventory at a cost of $20,000. If the calculators are scrapped, they can be sold for $1.10 each (for parts). If they are repackaged, at a cost of $15,000, they could be sold to toy stores for $2.50 per unit. What alternative should be chosen, and why?

 A.   Repackage; revenue is $5,000 greater than cost.
 B.   Scrap; incremental loss is $9,000.
 C.   Repackage; receive profit of $10,000.
 D.   Scrap; profit is $1,000 greater.


21) The cost to produce Part A was $10 per unit in 2005. During 2006, it has increased to $11 per unit. In 2006, Supplier Company has offered to supply Part A for $9 per unit. For the make-or-buy decision,

 A.   incremental costs are $1 per unit
 B.   net relevant costs are $1 per unit
 C.   differential costs are $2 per unit
 D.   incremental revenues are $2 per unit


22) Hartley, Inc. has one product with a selling price per unit of $200, the unit variable cost is $75, and the total monthly fixed costs are $300,000. How much is Hartley’s contribution margin ratio?

 A.   37.5%
 B.   150%.
 C.   266.6%
 D.   62.5%.


23) Which statement describes a fixed cost?

 A.   The amount per unit varies depending on the activity level.
 B.   It varies in total at every level of activity.
 C.   It remains the same per unit regardless of activity level.
 D.   Its total varies proportionally to the level of activity.


24) Disney’s variable costs are 30% of sales. The company is contemplating an advertising campaign that will cost $22,000. If sales are expected to increase $40,000, by how much will the company's net income increase?

 A.   $28,000
 B.   $18,000
 C.   $6,000
 D.   $12,000


25) Variable costing

 A.   is required under GAAP
 B.   is used for external reporting purposes
 C.   is also known as full costing
 D.   treats fixed manufacturing overhead as a period cost


26) Which cost is NOT charged to the product under variable costing?

 A.   Direct labor
 B.   Direct materials
 C.   Fixed manufacturing overhead
 D.   Variable manufacturing overhead


27) Orbach Company sells its product for $40 per unit. During 2005, it produced 60,000 units and sold 50,000 units (there was no beginning inventory). Costs per unit are: direct materials $10, direct labor $6, and variable overhead $2. Fixed costs are: $480,000 manufacturing overhead, and $60,000 selling and administrative expenses. The per unit manufacturing cost under absorption costing is

 A.   $18
 B.   $16
 C.   $27
 D.   $26




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28) Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of using standard costs?

 A.   Standard costs can be useful in setting prices for finished goods.
 B.   Standard costs can reduce clerical costs.
 C.   Standard costs can make employees "cost-conscious."
 D.   Standard costs can be used as a means of finding fault with performance.


29) The difference between a budget and a standard is that

 A.   a budget expresses management's plans, while a standard reflects what actually happened
 B.   standards are excluded from the cost accounting system, whereas budgets are generally incorporated into the cost accounting system
 C.   a budget expresses a total amount while a standard expresses a unit amount
 D.   a budget expresses what costs were, while a standard expresses what costs should be


30) If a company is concerned with the potential negative effects of establishing standards, they should

 A.   offer wage incentives to those meeting standards
 B.   set tight standards in order to motivate people
 C.   not employ any standards
 D.   set loose standards that are easy to fulfill


31) The per-unit standards for direct materials are 2 gallons at $4 per gallon. Last month, 11,200 gallons of direct materials that actually cost $42,400 were used to produce 6,000 units of product. The direct materials quantity variance for last month was

 A.   $2,400 favorable
 B.   $5,600 unfavorable
 C.   $3,200 unfavorable
 D.   $3,200 favorable


32) The standard number of hours that should have been worked for the output attained is 8,000 direct labor hours and the actual number of direct labor hours worked was 8,400. If the direct labor price variance was $8,400 unfavorable, and the standard rate of pay was $18 per direct labor hour, what was the actual rate of pay for direct labor?

 A.   $15 per direct labor hour
 B.   $18 per direct labor hour
 C.   $19 per direct labor hour
 D.   $17 per direct labor hour


33) The total variance is $10,000. The total materials variance is $4,000. The total labor variance is twice the total overhead variance. What is the total overhead variance?

 A.   $2,000
 B.   $4,000
 C.   $3,000
 D.   $1,000


34) Manufacturing overhead costs are applied to work in process on the basis of

 A.   standard hours allowed
 B.   actual overhead costs incurred
 C.   ratio of actual variable to fixed costs
 D.   actual hours worked


35) The overhead volume variance relates only to

 A.   variable overhead costs
 B.   both variable and fixed overhead costs
 C.   all manufacturing costs
 D.   fixed overhead costs


36) If the standard hours allowed are less than the standard hours at normal capacity,

 A.   the overhead volume variance will be unfavorable
 B.   the overhead controllable variance will be favorable
 C.   variable overhead costs will be overapplied
 D.   variable overhead costs will be underapplied




37) Gottberg Mugs is planning to sell 2,000 mugs and produce 2,200 mugs during April. Each mug requires 2 pounds of resin and a half hour of direct labor. Resin costs $1 per pound and employees of the company are paid $12.50 per hour. Manufacturing overhead is applied at a rate of 120% of direct labor costs. Gottberg has 2,000 pounds of resin in beginning inventory and wants to have 2,400 pounds in ending inventory. How much is the total amount of budgeted direct labor for April?

 A.   $12,500
 B.   $25,000
 C.   $27,500
 D.   $13,750


38) Lewis Hats is planning to sell 600 straw hats. Each hat requires a half pound of straw and a quarter hour of direct labor. Straw costs $0.20 per pound and employees of the company are paid $22 per hour. Lewis has 80 pounds of straw and 40 hats in beginning inventory and wants to have 50 pounds of straw and 60 hats in ending inventory. How many units should Lewis Hats produce in April?

 A.   600
 B.   580
 C.   630
 D.   620


39) At January 1, 2004, Barry, Inc. has beginning inventory of 4,000 widgets. Barry estimates it will sell 35,000 units during the first quarter of 2004 with a 10% increase in sales each quarter. Barry’s policy is to maintain an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next quarter’s sales. Each widget costs $1 and is sold for $1.50. How much is budgeted sales revenue for the third quarter of 2004?

 A.   $57,525
 B.   $63,525
 C.   $42,350
 D.   $63,000


40) In most cases, prices are set by the

 A.   customers
 B.   largest competitor
 C.   selling company
 D.   competitive market


41) A company must price its product to cover its costs and earn a reasonable profit in

 A.   all cases
 B.   its early years
 C.   the long run
 D.   the short run


42) The cost-plus pricing approach's major advantage is

 A.   it considers customer demand
 B.   that sales volume has no effect on per unit costs
 C.   it is simple to compute
 D.   it can be used to determine a product’s target cost




Exam 2

1) At the end of the year, manufacturing overhead has been overapplied. What occurred to create this situation?
A. The company incurred more total job costs than the amount budgeted for the job.
B. The actual manufacturing overhead costs were less than the manufacturing overhead assigned to jobs.
C. Estimated manufacturing overhead was less than actual manufacturing overhead costs.
D. The company incurred more manufacturing overhead costs than the manufacturing overhead assigned to jobs.


2) Luca Company overapplied manufacturing overhead during 2006. Which one of the following is part of the year end entry to dispose of the overapplied amount assuming the amount is material?
A. An increase to finished goods
B. An increase to cost of goods sold
C. A decrease to applied overhead
D. A decrease to work in process inventory


3) Why is factory overhead applied to products and jobs by manufacturing companies?
A. Total actual overhead costs can never be accurately determined for production.
B. It provides a more accurate cost of the job or products being processed.
C. Because indirect costs are easy to trace to products and jobs.
D. It allows managers more timely determination of product costs during the manufacturing process.


4) In a job order cost accounting system, the Work in Process account is
A. closed at year end
B. a control account
C. a period cost
D. an expense


5) Which one of the following is an important feature of a job order cost system?
A. Each must be completed before a new product order is accepted.
B. Each job uses similar processes to produce.
C. Each consists of features which distinguish it from the next.
D. Each job has characteristics similar to the next.


6) Which of the following represents the two basic types of cost accounting systems?
A. Job order and process cost systems
B. Job order and batch systems
C. Job order and job accumulation systems
D. Process cost and batch systems


7) Which of the following represents the correct order in which inventories are reported on a manufacturer’s balance sheet?
A. Raw materials, work in process, finished goods
B. Finished goods, work in process, raw materials
C. Work in process, finished goods raw materials
D. Work in process, raw materials, finished goods


8) Which one of the following is indirect labor considered?
A. Product cost
B. Period cost
C. Nonmanufacturing cost
D. Raw material cost


9) Which of the following is an element of manufacturing overhead?
A. Factory workers wages
B. Plant manager’s salary
C. Components used in calculators during production
D. Flour used in manufactured cake mixes


10) Which of the following is NOT typical of traditional costing systems?
A. Use of a single predetermined overhead rate
B. Assumption of correlation between direct labor and incurrence of overhead cost
C. Use of direct labor hours or direct labor cost to assign overhead
D. Use of multiple cost drivers to allocate overhead


11) An activity that has a direct cause-effect relationship with the resources consumed is a(n)
A. cost driver
B. overhead rate
C. cost pool
D. product activity


12) A well-designed activity-based costing system starts with
A. identifying the activity-cost pools
B. computing the activity-based overhead rate
C. assigning manufacturing overhead costs for each activity cost pool to products
D. analyzing the activities performed to manufacture a product


13) What sometimes makes implementation of activity-based costing difficult in service industries is
A. the labeling of activities as value-added
B. identifying activities, activity cost plus, and cost drivers
C. that a larger proportion of overhead costs are company-wide costs
D. attempting to reduce or eliminate nonvalue-added activities


14) Which of the following is a nonvalue-added activity?
A. Engineering design
B. Machining
C. Inspection
D. Packaging


15) Each of the following is a limitation of activity-based costing EXCEPT
A. It can be expensive to use.
B. It is more complex than traditional costing.
C. More cost pools are used.
D. Some arbitrary allocations continue.


16) Poodle Company manufactures two products, Mini A and Maxi B. Poodle's overhead costs consist of setting up machines, $800,000; machining, $1,800,000; and inspecting, $600,000. Information on the two products is:
Mini AMaxi B
Direct labor hours15,00025,000
Machine setups600400
Machine hours24,00026,000
Inspections 800700
Overhead applied to Mini A using activity-based costing is
A. $1,200,000
B. $1,536,000
C. $1,664,000
D. $1,920,000


17) Which of the following factors would suggest a switch to activity-based costing?
A. Production managers use data provided by the existing system.
B. The manufacturing process has been stable.
C. Product lines similar in volume and manufacturing complexity.
D. Overhead costs constitute a significant portion of total costs.


18) Poodle Company manufactures two products, Mini A and Maxi B. Poodle's overhead costs consist of setting up machines, $800,000; machining, $1,800,000; and inspecting, $600,000. Information on the two products is:
Mini AMaxi B
Direct labor hours15,00025,000
Machine setups600400
Machine hours24,00026,000
Inspections 800700
Overhead applied to Maxi B using traditional costing using direct labor hours is
A. $2,000,000
B. $1,670,000
C. $1,280,000
D. $1,536,000

19) Seran Company has contacted Truckel Inc. with an offer to sell it 5,000 of the wickets for $18 each. If Truckel makes the wickets, variable costs are $11 per unit. Fixed costs are $12 per unit; however, $5 per unit is avoidable. Should Truckel make or buy the wickets?
A. Make; savings = $10,000
B. Make; savings = $20,000
C. Buy; savings = $25,000
D. Buy; savings = $10,000


20) Max Company uses 10,000 units of Part A in producing its products. A supplier offers to make Part A for $7. Max Company has relevant costs of $8 a unit to manufacture Part A. If there is excess capacity, the opportunity cost of buying Part A from the supplier is
A. $80,000
B. $70,000
C. $0
D. $10,000


21) Rosen, Inc. has 10,000 obsolete calculators, which are carried in inventory at a cost of $20,000. If the calculators are scrapped, they can be sold for $1.10 each (for parts). If they are repackaged, at a cost of $15,000, they could be sold to toy stores for $2.50 per unit. What alternative should be chosen, and why?
A. Repackage; receive profit of $10,000.
B. Scrap; incremental loss is $9,000.
C. Scrap; profit is $1,000 greater.
D. Repackage; revenue is $5,000 greater than cost.


22) Disney’s variable costs are 30% of sales. The company is contemplating an advertising campaign that will cost $22,000. If sales are expected to increase $40,000, by how much will the company's net income increase?
A. $6,000
B. $12,000
C. $18,000
D. $28,000


23) H55 Company sells two products, beer and wine. Beer has a 10 percent profit margin and wine has a 12 percent profit margin. Beer has a 27 percent contribution margin and wine has a 25 percent contribution margin. If other factors are equal, which product should H55 push to customers?
A. It should sell an equal quantity of both.
B. Selling either results in the same additional income for the company
C. Beer
D. Wine


24) Hartley, Inc. has one product with a selling price per unit of $200, the unit variable cost is $75, and the total monthly fixed costs are $300,000. How much is Hartley’s contribution margin ratio?
A. 266.6%
B. 37.5%
C. 150%.
D. 62.5%.


25) Which cost is charged to the product under variable costing?
A. Fixed administrative expenses
B. Fixed manufacturing overhead
C. Variable administrative expenses
D. Variable manufacturing overhead


26) Orbach Company sells its product for $40 per unit. During 2005, it produced 60,000 units and sold 50,000 units (there was no beginning inventory). Costs per unit are: direct materials $10, direct labor $6, and variable overhead $2. Fixed costs are: $480,000 manufacturing overhead, and $60,000 selling and administrative expenses. The per unit manufacturing cost under absorption costing is
A. $27
B. $18
C. $26
D. $16


27) Which cost is NOT charged to the product under variable costing?
A. Fixed manufacturing overhead
B. Direct labor
C. Variable manufacturing overhead
D. Direct materials


28) If standard costs are incorporated into the accounting system,
A. approval of the stockholders is required
B. it can eliminate the need for the budgeting process
C. the accounting system will produce information which is less relevant than the historical cost accounting system
D. it may simplify the costing of inventories and reduce clerical costs


29) The difference between a budget and a standard is that
A. standards are excluded from the cost accounting system, whereas budgets are generally incorporated into the cost accounting system
B. a budget expresses management's plans, while a standard reflects what actually happened
C. a budget expresses a total amount while a standard expresses a unit amount
D. a budget expresses what costs were, while a standard expresses what costs should be


30) A standard cost is
A. the historical cost of producing a product last year
B. a cost which is paid for a group of similar products
C. a predetermined cost
D. the average cost in an industry


31) The standard rate of pay is $5 per direct labor hour. If the actual direct labor payroll was $19,600 for 4,000 direct labor hours worked, the direct labor price (rate) variance is
A. $500 favorable
B. $400 unfavorable
C. $500 unfavorable
D. $400 favorable


32) A company developed the following per-unit standards for its product: 2 pounds of direct materials at $6 per pound. Last month, 2,000 pounds of direct materials were purchased for $11,400. The direct materials price variance for last month was
A. $600 unfavorable
B. $11,400 favorable
C. $300 favorable
D. $600 favorable


33) The total variance is $10,000. The total materials variance is $4,000. The total labor variance is twice the total overhead variance. What is the total overhead variance?
A. $4,000
B. $1,000
C. $3,000
D. $2,000


34) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. The overhead volume variance is favorable if standard hours allowed for output is greater than the standard hours at normal capacity.
B. The overhead volume variance indicates whether plant facilities were used efficiently during the period.
C. The overhead volume variance relates solely to fixed costs.
D. The costs that cause the overhead volume variance are usually controllable costs.


35) The overhead volume variance relates only to
A. all manufacturing costs
B. variable overhead costs
C. both variable and fixed overhead costs
D. fixed overhead costs


36) If the standard hours allowed are less than the standard hours at normal capacity, the volume variance
A. will be greater than the controllable variance
B. will be unfavorable
C. will be favorable
D. cannot be calculated


37) During December, the capital budget indicates a $280,000 purchase of equipment. The ending November cash balance is budgeted to be $40,000. Cash receipts are $840,000, and cash disbursements are $610,000 during December. The company wants to maintain a minimum cash balance of $20,000. What is the minimum cash loan that must be planned to be borrowed from the bank during December?
A. $0
B. $50,000
C. $10,000
D. $30,000


38) Waco’s Widgets plans to sell 22,000 widgets during May, 19,000 units in June, and 20,000 during July. Waco keeps 10% of the next month’s sales as ending inventory. How many units should Waco produce during June?
A. 19,000
B. 19,100
C. 21,000
D. 18,900


39) At January 1, 2004, Barry, Inc. has beginning inventory of 4,000 widgets. Barry estimates it will sell 35,000 units during the first quarter of 2004 with a 10% increase in sales each quarter. Barry’s policy is to maintain an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next quarter’s sales. Each widget costs $1 and is sold for $1.50. How much is budgeted sales revenue for the third quarter of 2004?
A. $42,350
B. $63,525
C. $63,000
D. $57,525


40) Prices are set by the competitive market when
A. a product is not easily distinguished from competing products
B. a company can effectively differentiate its product from others
C. there are no other producers capable of manufacturing a similar item
D. the product is specially made for a customer


41) In cost-plus pricing, the markup percentage is computed by dividing the desired ROI per unit by the
A. variable cost per unit
B. total manufacturing cost per unit
C. total cost per unit
D. fixed cost per unit


42) The cost-plus pricing approach's major advantage is
A. it can be used to determine a product’s target cost
B. that sales volume has no effect on per unit costs
C. it is simple to compute
D. it considers customer demand


BONUS QUESTIONS

Ch 1

1.Reports prepared in managerial accounting are general-purpose reports, whereas reports prepared in financial accounting are usually special-purpose reports. 

2.Managerial accounting information generally pertains to an entity as a whole and is very detaileD.   

3.Managerial accounting applies only to manufacturing companies. 

4.Determining the unit cost of manufacturing a product is an output of managerial accounting. 


MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Ch 2

5.What does cost accounting measure, record, and report?
a.Product costs
b.Future costs
c.Manufacturing processes
D. Managerial accounting decisions


6.Which one of the following is a major purpose of cost accounting?
A. To provide gross profit rates to managers
B. To allocate overhead costs to jobs
C. To classify all costs as direct or indirect
D. To measure, record, and report product costs


7.Which of the following represents the two basic types of cost accounting systems?
A. Job order and process cost systems
B. Job order and job accumulation systems
C. Job order and batch systems
D. Process cost and batch systems

8.Which of the following would be accounted for using a job order cost system?
A. The pasteurization of milk
B. The production of town homes
C. The production of textbooks
D. The production of cans of spinach


Ch 3

9.Which one of the following is a similarity of both a job order and a process cost system?
a.They both track direct materials and direct labor, but not manufacturing overheaD.  
B. They both track conversion costs, but not materials.
C. They both track the same three manufacturing cost elements – direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overheaD.  
D. They both are used for the same type of inventory production items.

10.How are costs assigned in a process cost system?
a.To only one work in process account
b.To work in process and finished goods inventory
c.To work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold
D. To multiple work in process accounts


11.In the Carter Company, there are 1,000 units in beginning work in process, 9,000 units started into production, and 800 units in ending work in process 40% completeD.  How many physical units are to be accounted for?
a.10,000
b.9,200
c.10,800
D. 8,800

12.What is a production cost report used for?
a.It is an external report provided to shareholders.
b.It shows costs charged to a department and costs accounted for.
c.It shows equivalent units of production but not physical units.
D. It shows the basis on which overhead is allocated


Ch 4

13.Which of the following is not typical of traditional costing systems?
A. Use of a single predetermined overhead rate.
B. Use of direct labor hours or direct labor cost to assign overheaD.  
C. Assumption of correlation between direct labor and incurrence of overhead cost.
D. Use of multiple cost drivers to allocate overhead

14.In traditional costing systems, overhead is generally applied based on
A. direct labor.
B. machine hours.
C. direct material dollars.
D. units of production.
15.An activity that has a direct cause-effect relationship with the resources consumed is a (n)
A. cost driver.
B. overhead rate.
C. cost pool.
D. product activity.


16.Which best describes the flow of overhead costs in an activity-based costing system?
A. Overhead costs ? direct labor cost or hours ? products
B. Overhead costs ? products
C. Overhead costs ? activity cost pools ? cost drivers ? products
D. Overhead costs ? machine hours ? products


Ch 5

17.Which one of the following is a cost which remains constant in total at various levels of activity?
A. A variable cost
B. A mixed cost
C. A fixed cost
D. A contribution margin

18.Which statement below describes a variable cost?
A. It varies in total with changes in the level of activity.
B. It remains constant in total over different levels of activity.
C. It varies inversely in total with changes in the level of activity.
D. It varies proportionately per unit with changes in the level of activity.


19.Which one of the following would most likely be considered a mixed cost?
A. Cost of using a copy machine
B. Direct labor
C. Supervisory salaries
D. Direct materials


20.Which one of the following is an assumption of CVP analysis?
A. Sales in units remains constant.
B. All costs are variable.
C. The change in beginning and ending inventories is reflected in the analysis.
D. The behavior of costs and revenues are linear within the relevant range.
21.Which one of the following is a consideration of CVP analysis?
A. The level of activity must remain constant over the relevant range.
B. Total fixed costs remain constant over the relevant range.
C. Total variable costs remain constant over the relevant range.
D. Cost behavior can change as long as total costs remain the same at all activity levels.

22.Which of the following is an underlying assumption of CVP analysis?
A. Factors other than changes in activity may affect costs.
B. Cost classifications are reasonably accurate.
C. Increases in inventories cause increase in total fixed costs.
D. Unit costs remain the same over the relevant range.

Ch 6

23.Which of the following is a major accounting contribution to the managerial decision-making process in evaluating possible courses of action?
A. Determine who is responsible for the decision.
B. Prepare internal reports that review the actual impact of a decision made.
C. Calculate how much should be invested for each potential project.
D. Select possible actions that management should consider.


24.Which one of the following is nonfinancial information that management might evaluate in making a decision?
A. Opportunity costs of a decision
B. Contribution margin
C. The effect on profit of a decision
D. The corporate profile in the community


25.Which one of the following is an alternative name for incremental analysis?
A. Managerial analysis
B. Cost analysis
C. Contribution margin analysis
D. Differential Analysis







Ch 7

26.Which cost is not charged to the product under variable costing?
A. direct materials.
B. direct labor.
C. variable manufacturing overheaD.  
D. fixed manufacturing overheaD.  

27.Which cost is not charged to the product under absorption costing?
A. direct materials.
B. direct labor.
C. variable manufacturing overheaD.  
D. fixed administrative expenses.

28.Absorption costing
A. is required under GAAP.
B. is required for external reporting purposes.
C. allows income to be manipulated through production decisions.
D. is (does) all of the above (a, b, and c).


Ch 8

29. The cost-plus pricing approach's major advantage is
A. it considers customer demanD.  
B. that sales volume has no effect on per unit costs.
C. it is simple to compute.
D. it can be used to determine a product’s target cost.


30. Factors that can affect pricing decisions include all of the following except
A. cost considerations.
B.  environment.
C.  pricing objectives.
D.  all of these are factors.


31. In most cases, prices are set by the
A. customers.
B. competitive market.
C. largest competitor.
D. selling company.




32.A company must price its product to cover its costs and earn a reasonable profit in
A. all cases.
B. its early years.
C. the long run.
D. the short run.

Ch 9

- STATEMENTS

33.Budgets represent management’s plans in financial terms.


34.Budgets promote efficiency and serve as a deterrent to waste.


35.A budget can be a means of communicating a company's objectives to external parties.

36.A budget facilitates coordination of activities within the business but is a poor tool for evaluating performance.

37.A budget is more beneficial if accepted by lower level management.


Ch 10

38.Budget reports comparing actual results with planned objectives should be prepared weekly to be most effective.

39.If actual results are different from planned results by a large amount, the difference should be investigated by management to achieve effective budgetary control.

40.Cash budget reports are often prepared daily, whereas others are prepared less frequently depending on the activities being monitoreD.   

41.The master budget is the basis of developing flexible budgets.

42.A flexible budget is more useful in evaluating a manager's performance than a static budget.

43.A static budget is one that is geared to the most profitable level of activity for a company.


Ch 11

44.Inventories cannot be valued at standard cost in financial statements.

45.Standard cost is the industry average cost for a particular item. 

46.A standard is a unit amount, whereas a budget is a total amount.

47.Standard costs may be incorporated into the accounts in the general ledger.

48.An advantage of standard costs is that they simplify costing of inventories and reduce clerical costs.

49.Setting standard costs is relatively simple because it is done entirely by accountants.

50.Normal standards should be rigorous but attainable.

ACC 349FINAL EXAM
 acc349 final exam examination

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